Инструкция по устройству гидроизоляционной системы фундамента на основе ПВХ-мембраны LOGICBASE V-SL (англ. яз.))
www.technonicol.com
INSTALLATION MANUAL
of an Underground Waterproofing System
Based on PVC Membrane LOGICBASE V-SL
KNOWLEDGE. EXPERIENCE. СRAFTSMANSHIP.
1
FOREWORD
This instruction manual was developed to improve the skills of
contractors involved in waterproofing the PVC membranes for
underground structures.
Objectives:
describe waterproofing processes;—
provide visual aids for installing PVC membranes;—
improve the design quality and waterproofing constructions —
for underground structures, buildings and facilities;
provide support for compliance with the requirements of —
technical regulations
The tunnel of Federal High-
way M27 Dzhubga–Sochi to
the border with Georgia on the
Adler–Veseloye section, Sochi
Waterproofing of tunnel
Area 8,500 m
2
LOGICBASE V–SL 2.0 mm
2010
Moscow City Business Centre,
Moscow
Underground Waterproofing
Area 32,600 m
2
LOGICBASE V–SL 2.0 mm
2008–2012
FOREWORD
32 CONTENTSCONTENTS
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1 General 7
1.2 Designations and Scope 7
1.3 Specifications of LOGICBASE V–SL Membranes 8
1.4 Marking, Rules of Membrane Storage and Transportation 9
1.5 Description of a Waterproofing System Based
on the LOGICBASE V-SL PVC Membrane 10
1.6 General Guidelines 14
1.7 Safety 14
2. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT .........................17
2.1 Main Materials for System Installation 19
2.2 Auxiliary Materials for System Installation 23
2.3 Equipment for Membrane Installation 25
2.4 Tools and Devices 27
3. HOTAIR WELDING OF MEMBRANES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.1 Seam Preparation 31
3.2 Manual Welding 32
3.3 Automatic Welding 35
3.3.1 Selection of Welding Parameters 35
3.3.2 Seam Forming 38
4. SEAM QUALITY CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
4.1 Visual Quality Inspection 43
4.2 Instrumental Quality Control 44
5. WATERPROOFING SYSTEM INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
5.1 Foundation Slab Waterproofing 51
5.1.1 Base Preparation 51
5.1.2 Geotextile Laying
5
3
5.1.3 Installation of LOGICBASE V–SL Waterproofing
Membrane
5
4
5.1.4 Waterproofing Compartmentalization
5
6
5.1.5 Installation of an Injection System
5
8
5.1.6 Installation of Protective Layers
60
5.2 Installation of a Waterproofing System
on a Diaphragm Wall
6
2
5.2.1 Geotextile Laying
6
3
5.2.2 Installation of LOGICBASE V–SL Waterproofing
Membrane
64
5.2.3 Installation of Protective Layers
6
7
5.3 Vertical Installation of Waterproofing
for Excavation with Backfilling
6
8
5.3.1 Compartmentalization of Waterproofing
with Profiled Waterstops
6
9
5.3.2 Waterproofing Compartmentalization
with an Adhesive Waterstop
70
5.3.3 Installation of TechnoNICOL PVC Strips
7
1
5.3.4 Installation of an Injection System
7
4
5.3.5 Laying of Geotextile on Walls
7
5
5.3.6 Installation of LOGICBASE V–SL Waterproofing
Membrane
75
5.3.7 Waterproofing Membrane Termination Options
7
7
5.3.8 Waterproofing Protection
80
6. WELDING OF WATERSTOPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
6.1 End Connections 85
6.1.1 Welding with Special Equipment 85
6.1.2 Welding with a Hot Air Hand Tool 86
6.2. Angular and Cross-Shaped Elements 87
6.2.1 Fabrication of Corner Elements 87
6.2.2 Fabrication of Cross-Shaped Elements 88
6.2.3 Fabrication of T-Shaped Elements 89
6.2.4 Fabrication of a Right Angle 91
6.2.5 A 90° Angle at the Point of Transition from
a Horizontal Surface to a Vertical One 96
7. CONNECTION OF VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL
WATERPROOFING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
7.1
Membrane Transition from the Foundation Slab to the
Retaining Walls in Excavation Pits with Retaining Structures
99
7.2 Membrane Transition to Foundation Walls in an
Excavation Pit with Backfilling 102
8. CORNERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
8.1 An Inner Corner with a "Pocket" 107
8.2 An Outer Corner 108
8.3 Inner Corner in an Excavation with Backfilling 111
9. WATERPROOFING OF EXPANSION JOINTS . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
9.1
Waterproofing of an Expansion Joint on a Foundation Slab
117
9.2 An Alternative Method for Waterproofing
of an Expansion Joint 118
9.3
Waterproofing of an Expansion Joint on the Foundation Walls
121
54
INTRODUCTION
1.
10. WATERPROOFING OF UTILITY PASSAGEWAYS. . . . . . . . 125
10.1 Membrane Installation at Pipe Passageways 127
10.2 Connection to a Pipe 127
10.3 Connection to a Pipe with a Prefabricated Element 132
11. WATERPROOFING OF PILES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
12. WELL WATERPROOFING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
1
4. GENERAL INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS .
. . . . . . . . . .
1
53
CONTENTS
1
13. Two-layer waterproofing system. . . .
. .. . . . . . . . 143
145
1
3.1 General brief information on the system and
materials for mounting the system
13.2 General installation principles, used equipment
1
48
7 INTRODUCTION
Roki Road Tunnel, Republic of
North Ossetia–Alania
Tunnel Waterproofing
Area 40,000 m
2
LOGICBASE V–SL 1.5 mm
2015
Museum Complex of the State
Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow
Basement Waterproofing
Area 10,000 m
2
LOGICBASE V–SL 2.0 mm
2015
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL
This instruction manual was developed to be used at construction
sites when waterproofing underground structures of buildings and
facilities
This manual includes recommendations from TechnoNICOL for
installing LOGICBASE V-SL PVC membrane. It is based on membrane-
laying technology and only contains general rules for installing water-
prooofing, so should be considered as a short reference book.
TechnoNICOL LOGICBASE V-SL membranes are produced on
a state-of-the-art AMUT line (Italy) from high-quality raw materials
(PVC, plasticizer and specialized additives) using the extrusion
method.
LOGICBASE V-SL membranes fully meet a number of require-
ments for strength, fire safety and resistance to external impacts
(chemical aggressiveness of groundwater, other types of aggres-
sion and impact of microorganisms) and durability, and emit no
toxic substances during construction and use of facilities.
The membranes have all the necessary certificates required by
law confirming their high quality.
1.2 DESIGNATIONS AND SCOPE
Designation
LOGICBASE V-SL waterproofing PVC membranes are produced in
rolls with a standard width of 2.05 m, length of 20 m and thickness
of 1.5 and 2.0 mm. Rolls may be custom-made with a length up to
35 m and thickness of up to 3.0 mm.
The designation of membranes includes:
material name—
V-SL index—
thickness in millimeters—
number of the company standard for material production—
An example of marking of a 1.5 mm-thick LOGICBASE water-
proofing PVC membrane:
Designations anD scope
1 Material name
2 The V-SL index partially describes the base and specifications: V — polyvinyl
chloride (PVC); S — signal; L — layer
3 Material thickness in millimeters
4 Regulatory document reference number for production of the material.
LOGICBASE V–SL 1.5 mm STO 72746455-3.4.3-2015
1 2 3 4
1
1
8INTRODUCTION
9 INTRODUCTION
SPECIFICATIONS OF LOGICBASE
VSL MEMBRANES
Field of application
LOGICBASE V–SL Waterproofing PVC Membranes are used for:
rotecting bearing and retaining structures that are in contact —
with soil against the impact of ground and surface water, includ-
ing water under pressure;
waterproofing underground structures, underground parking —
lots, basements and other underground parts of civil construc-
tion facilities;
waterproofing underground pedestrian crossings; —
waterproofing subway stations;—
waterproofing road and railway tunnels constructed by any —
method, including the trenchless method;
waterproofing underground tanks.—
1.3 SPECIFICATIONS OF LOGICBASE VSL
MEMBRANES
LOGICBASE V–SL waterproofing PVC membrane is a homogene-
ous, watertight sheet folded into rolls.
The membranes have high performance parameters essential
for waterproofing of both small low-risk structures constructed in
simple geological conditions and highly critical buildings and facili-
ties in complex geological conditions.
The use of LOGICBASE V–SL membranes for underground water-
proofing is based on the following properties:
absolute water-tightness at water pressure of up to 1.0 MPa;—
tensile strength over 16 MPa;—
ability to stretch by over 400 % without loss of water-tightness;—
resistance to rupture by a nail over 150 N;—
cold-bending at -35 °С max;—
The material is classified as a thermoplastic polymer, membrane
sheets are easily welded with hot air, without using an open flame.
Welded seams have a high tensile strength and are absolutely
watertight.
Advantages of LOGICBASE V–SL Membranes
High durability;—
High resistance to mechanical impact;—
High strength and flexibility;—
High elasticity at low temperatures;—
Possibility of use in aggressive or acidic environment;—
Resistance to root penetration;—
Microbiological stability;—
High chemical resistance;—
Possibility of laying on a damp underground structure;—
High speed installation;—
MARKING, RULES OF MEMBRANES STORAGE
AND TRANSPORTATION
1.4 MARKING, RULES OF MEMBRANE STORAGE
AND TRANSPORTATION
LOGICBASE V–SL PVC membranes are supplied on wooden pal-
lets; rolls are stockpiled on pallets in three rows with one roll shift
in each row.
Rolls are additionally wound with a polyethylene film and
bound on a pallet with a polymer strip with lining.
Each roll is packed in a non-transparent polyethylene film for
protection against contamination and UV light.
Each pallet with products has a properly marked packing list.
The marking contains the following information:
manufacturer’s name and address;—
trademark;—
product name;—
designation of the polymer membrane;—
number of the company standard;—
product issue date;—
type of upper and lower surfaces;—
color of upper and lower surfaces.—
The rolls shall be stored horizontally in one tier in height on pallets
or without pallets, at least 1 m away from any heating appliances.
Membranes at the construction site shall be protected against
an impact of direct sunlight, rain, snow, ice, etc. If stored in dry,
clean and moderately cold conditions, preparation for welding is
minimized.
IMPORTANT! DO NOT store pallets with membrane on sur-
faces with a slope greater than 3%.
Rolls of material shall be transported in covered vehicles and
stacked horizontally on pallets in no more than two rows.
Other means of transportation that ensure the integrity of the
material are possible with the customer‘s approval.
Material shall be loaded and transported in accordance with
the Cargo Transportation Rules applicable to the means of trans-
port used.
Loose laying without gluing to the base, which allows easy com-—
pensation of movements and deformations of structures and soil
due to the strength and elasticity of the membrane;
Possibility of instrumental quality control of performed work;—
Easy quality control of complete waterproofing.—
1
1
10INTRODUCTION
11 INTRODUCTION
DESCRIPTION OF A WATERPROOFING SYSTEM
BASED ON THE LOGICBASE VSL PVC MEMBRANE
DESCRIPTION OF A WATERPROOFING SYSTEM
BASED ON THE LOGICBASE VSL PVC MEMBRANE
1.5 DESCRIPTION OF A WATERPROOFING
SYSTEM BASED ON THE LOGICBASE VSL PVC
MEMBRANE
TN-Foundation Prof Diaphragm Wall – Reparable
Waterproofi ng System
Apart from waterproofing, TN-Foundation Prof Diaphragm Wall
system includes a repair system that allows easy and quick elimina-
tion of leaks if they appear.
In this system, a PVC membrane is loosely laid in one layer
on the horizontal surface of the foundation slab and is attached
mechanically with PVC disk fixing elements or strips of PVC mem-
brane on a vertical retaining wall.
. Soil
. Excavation pit enclosure – dia-
phragm wall
. Leveling plaster
. PLANTER geo drainage membrane
. TechnoNICOL needle-punched
geotextile
. LOGICBASE V–SL waterproofi ng
PVC membrane
. TechnoNICOL needle-punched
geotextile
. Polyethylene fi lm
. PVC disk fi xing element
. PVC injection fl ange
. TechnoNICOL EC-- PVC
Waterstop
. TechnoNICOL IC-- PVC
Waterstop
. Niche for collection of injection
hoses
. A reinforced concrete structure
. Protective screed
. Concrete bed
. Strengthening layer
. Compensator
. Drainage pipe
12
13
14
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
16
17
18
19
15
PVC membranes shall be covered with geotextile before laying
them on concrete surfaces to prevent any possible damage.
If the removal of water, coming through the retaining wall is
required, a Planter Geo dimpled membrane should be placed
between the diaphragm wall and the waterproofing system.
The waterproofing is compartmentalized into isolated sections
to monitor its integrity and to enable its repair.
Compartmentalization of Waterproofi ng
The PVC membrane waterproof-
ing system is loose-laid, i.e. it is
not attached to a base. In the
event of damage to the water-
proofing, it can be compartmen-
talized into isolated sections to
avoid water spreading along
the entire structure. Profiled
PVC strips, waterstops, are used
for compartmentalization.
One of the waterstop surfaces has anchor elements along its entire
length. Waterstops are welded using hot air, with the smooth side
facing towards the waterproofing membrane, thereby forming closed
rectangular b-document-pdf2pdf2html__htmloutlines. The maximum recommended size of one section
is 150 m
2
. Waterstop anchors are embedded in concrete during
concrete casting.
Having such a system means that if waterproofing is dam-
aged, water penetrating under the membrane does not spread
along the whole structure, but is confined to a section bounded by
waterstops.
The design includes a repair injection system to eliminate
a leak in the TN-FOUNDATION–Diaphragm Wall waterproofing
system.
1
1
12INTRODUCTION
13 INTRODUCTION
The Injection System
The injection system serves
both for monitoring of
the waterproofing condition
and for its repair. The injection
system consists of injection
flanges and injection hoses
connected to them by fittings.
Each standard section has
5 injection flanges installed –
4 in the corners and 1 in the center. When calculating the number
of injection flanges, use the following recommendation: 1 flange
for a maximum area of 30 m
2
, at least 2 flanges per 1 section.
The flange is spot-welded to membrane. Injection hoses are
connected to flanges and routed through the reinforcement cage
inside the structure directly or get collected in special injection
niches. Each hose is marked according to the section it relates to.
If waterproofing is damaged and a leak appears, water normal-
ly starts coming through the injection hose, which allows precisely
defining the damaged section.
After the damaged section is identified, special injection poly-
mer compounds are pumped through the injection system in liquid
form and fill the damaged section by filling the space between the
waterproofing membrane and the structure, and then are polymer-
ized forming a dense watertight gel. In this way, water-tightness of
the waterproofing system is restored.
. Diaphragm wall
. Geotextile with a density of g/m
. LOGICBASE V–SL Membrane
. Injection flange
. Waterproofed section bounded by waterstops
1
2
3
4
5
The TN FOUNDATION Prof waterproofing system is used both for
an excavation pit with a retaining structure where the diaphragm
wall serves as an external formwork, and in the case of excavation
with backfilling.
. Soil
. PLANTER geo drainage mem-
brane
. TechnoNICOL CARBON PROF
extruded polystyrene
. TechnoNICOL needle-punched
geotextile
. LOGICBASE V–SL waterproofing
PVC membrane
. TechnoNICOL EC-- PVC
Waterstop
. Corner compensator made of ex-
truded polystyrene TechnoNICOL
CARBON PROF
. Polyethylene film TechnoNICOL
m
. PVC injection flange
. TechnoNICOL IC-- PVC
Waterstop
. Protective sand-cement screed
. Niche for injection of the repair
compound
. Foundation slab
. Concrete bed
. Drainage pipe
1
2
3
4
5
6
12
11
6
9
14
4
15
7
8 5
13
10
DESCRIPTION OF A WATERPROOFING SYSTEM
BASED ON THE LOGICBASE VSL PVC MEMBRANE
DESCRIPTION OF A WATERPROOFING SYSTEM
BASED ON THE LOGICBASE VSL PVC MEMBRANE
1
1
14INTRODUCTION
15 INTRODUCTION
1.6 GENERAL GUIDELINES
Always follow the procedures specified in this guidebook;—
Carefully plan the procedure for installation of LOGICBASE V–SL —
waterproofing membranes;
Always consider the weather conditions at the construction site, —
both current and future;
Clearly define the scope of work for the current day;—
It is desirable to have a completed section of waterproofing cov-—
ered by protective layers by the end of a working day, including
geotextile, polyethylene film and a protective screed. If a protec-
tive screed cannot be installed on the same day, it is preferable
to leave the membrane unprotected, but fence off the com-
pleted work section and not admit any unauthorized persons to
it. Before resuming the work, carefully check the unprotected
section for any membrane damage;
Seam quality control needs special attention;—
Before commencement of work, perform trial welding on site to —
determine optimum welding modes for specific weather condi-
tions;
All seams made using automatic equipment with formation of a —
double seam should be checked instrumentally using the over-
pressure method (see Section 4);
Seams made with manual equipment should be spot checked by —
the destructive method (see Section 4);
Carefully check for possible mechanical damage of the laid —
membrane (through punctures, cuts, ruptures).
IMPORTANT! Preparation for Work
Before starting waterproofing work, the LOGICBASE V-SL
membrane shall undergo incoming control that consists
in checking for compliance of the material’s quality with regula-
tory documents and the data sheet.
1.7 SAFETY
During waterproofing work using polymer membranes, adhere to
the following requirements:
Materials and equipment must be stored in areas designated —
in the project execution plan.
The following is prohibited during the work:—
use of faulty equipment and working without personal protec-
tion equipment;
allowing unauthorized individuals to perform work;
waterproofing works at wind speeds over 15 m/s, in case of
icing, rain, snowfall or fog, affecting visibility in the work area
and at ambient air temperatures below –10 °С or above +45 °С.
The waterproofing site must be provided with fire extinguishers, —
a sand box and fire-fighting equipment;
SAFETY
Waterproofing should be performed by trained personnel, who —
have passed an exam for minimum technical requirements for
waterproofing, using PVC membranes and work safety;
Welding must be performed by skilled workers with experience —
of working with welding machines, including those manufactured
by Leister;
Before commencement of work, the workers must be familiar-—
ized with the project execution plan and safety rules. Work
management and quality control must be performed by persons
with experience in waterproofing of underground structures;
Workers must be provided with work clothes, work shoes and —
personal protection equipment;
Put on your goggles when using liquid detergents and com-—
pounds for seam surface preparation. These recommendations
must be observed before welding of membranes and waterstops
as well as disc fixing elements;
Welding equipment can be connected only to an earthed electri-—
cal outlet. An extension cable with protective ground may be
used. When operating the equipment, use a circuit breaker with
differential protection for safety;
In order to ensure a continuous and stable welding process, it is —
recommended to connect the welding machine to a separate
network or use a separate 220/380 V generator set;
Do not change nozzles when the heating element is on, espe-—
cially using tools (pliers). In case of incorrect clamping, this will
cause nozzle deformation and, consequently, a poor quality
seam, even if work is performed correctly;
Upon completion of the work and during replacement or clean-—
ing of nozzles, keep the machine turned on for at least 5 min-
utes with the heating element deactivated in order to avoid its
overheating;
Do not operate electrical equipment if the power cable is dam-—
aged or reeled. Always completely unroll the reel before starting
the work.
Upon completion of work with electrical equipment, disconnect —
the power supply points from power sources and remove them
to a closed room or cover with watertight material;
Tools must be removed upon completion of each shift.—
SAFETY
1
1
16
MATERIALS AND
EQUIPMENT
2.
1
2
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